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Translation glossary: Glossary of Veterinary Terms

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Addison’s diseasethe pituitary gland produces a hormone that triggers the adrenal gland to produce corticosteroids. If there is a problem with the adrenal gland, or a 
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allergyimmunological hypersensitivity to certain foreign antigens.anemia 
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alopecic syndrome, color dilution alopeciadeficiency of the hair, caused by a failure to grow or regrow after loss. Signs may include bacterial folliculitis, scaling and hair loss. Caused by 
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antibodyproteins produced by the immune system in response to antigens; an important component of the immune system. 
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antigena foreign substance that stimulates an immune response. 
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aortic stenosisobstruction of the blood flowing from the left ventricle to the aorta. 
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arthritisinflammation of a joint. Caused by abnormal stress on a normal joint, or by normal stress on an abnormal joint. Polyarthritis is immune mediated, and 
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autoimmune diseasefailure of the immune system to differentiate the body’s own cells from foreign substances, triggering an inflammatory response against self. This ca 
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autoimmune hemolytic anemiathe body produces antibodies directed against its own red blood cells, causing their destruction. FYI: Many if not all of the autoimmune anemias have 
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autosomalany of the chromosomes other than the sex pair, the ‘X’ or ‘Y’ chromosomes. benign 
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calcinosis circumscriptadeposits of calcium found in small lumps under the skin, in the tongue, or attached to tendons or in joint capsules. 
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cancera group of diseases caused by transformation of normal cells into malignant ones. When these cells shed and travel to other areas of the body, the ca 
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cataractsLoss of transparency of the lens of the eye. Can be genetic or acquired as the result of injury or diabetes, etc. Also associated with PRA which is i 
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cerebellar degenerationdegeneration of the cerebellar portion of the brain. 
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cervical vertebral instability (wobblers)compression of the cervical (neck) spinal cord caused by instability or malformation of the cervical vertebrae. Dogs show lack of muscle coordination 
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cleft palatea congenital split involving the hard or soft palate in the mouth. May cause nasal regurgitation in newborns. Known to be inherited in some breeds, m 
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closed registryrepository of health test results, but allows access of information only about normal results. 
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cruciateshaped like a cross. Cruciate ligaments are found on the front (cranial or anterior) and the back (caudal or posterior) of the stifle (‘knee’) joint. 
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cryptorchidan animal with one or two undescended testicles. 
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Cushing’s diseasethe pituitary gland produces a hormone that triggers the adrenal gland to produce corticosteroids. If there is a problem with the adrenal gland, or a 
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cutaneousbenign proliferation of nodules in or under the skin 
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cysta closed sac of fluid or semi-solid substance. Generally harmless, but in some cases they may become malignant. 
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cystitisinflammation of the urinary bladder. 
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demodectic mangeskin disease characterized by hair loss particularly on the head, face, neck, shoulders and the front of the forelegs. Caused by the demodex mite whi 
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Diabetes insipidusinadequate secretion of, or resistance to the effects of, antidiuretic hormone (ADH or Vasopressin). This hormone stimulates the kidney retain water 
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dominantonly one copy of a gene is necessary for a trait to be exhibited. At least one of the parents would also exhibit this same trait. 
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dysfibrinogenemia, factor I deficiencyfibrinogen, or Factor I, is an important component of the \"clotting cascade\" which allows your body to stop bleeding. This disease is due to either 
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dysplasiabad (dys) + growth (plasia) 
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ectopic ciliahairs on the inside of the eyelids causing irritation to the eye. 
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ectropioneyelid turns outward. Allows for the accumulation of foreign matter causing eye irritation. 
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entropioneyelids turn inward causing hair to irritate the surface of the eye. Normally requires surgical correction, and sometimes requires multiple surgeries 
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epilepsyabnormal electrical function of the brain causing disturbances of the nervous system. 
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fading puppy syndromean apparently normal puppy gradually weakens and dies within a week or two of birth. Not a specific disorder, but generally applied to infectious cau 
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fibrosarcomaa malignant tumor arising from collagen-producing fibroblasts (an immature fiber-producing cell of connective tissue). 
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fly-snappingrepeated snapping at non-existent flying object has been associated in BMDs with partial seizures, in some cases with ear infections, and in a few ca 
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fragmented coronoid process, FCPthe coronoid process fragments forming a loose body in the elbow joint, called a joint mouse. See elbow dysplasia. http://www.jersey.net/~mountaindog 
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gastric dilatation-volvulus, bloatGastric dilatation means stomach distention or enlargement, caused by expanding gas. This may or may not be accompanied by volvulus, or torsion, or t 
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GDCInstitute for Genetic Disease Control, open registry reporting orthopedic and ophthalmologic evaluation reports, tumor, epilepsy, heart registry and 
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glomerulonephritisInflammatory disease of the glomerulus, part of the kidney, which filters toxic waste from the blood. Tests of the urine can show a variety of abnorm 
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gulpsexaggerated swallowing movements. In BMDs, it often is accompanied by a desperate need to eat anything, especially grass. 
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hemangiosarcomaa malignant tumor of endothelial cells (the layer of cells that lines the cavities of the heart and of the blood and lymph vessels). (Epithelial cell 
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hematomalocalized collection of blood, a lump. Dogs can get them in their ear flaps from violent and repeated shaking of the head, from such things as ear in 
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hemophiliathe blood lacks coagulating factors, causing a strong tendency to bleed, and difficulty in getting the bleeding to stop. hepatitis 
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hepatocerebellar degenerationdeath of liver cells causing poisoning of the white matter of the brain. 
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herniaabnormal protrusion of organs through a weak spot or abnormal opening, usually in the abdominal or groin areas. 
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hip dysplasia, CHD, HDimproper development of the hip joint, typically, the acetabulum (socket) is not deep enough for the femoral head (ball) to fit fully into place. htt 
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histiocytomasa small wart-like skin growth that will eventually disappear. (Note: NO growths or lumps on a BMD should ever be ignored!) 
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histiocytosisabnormal appearance of histiocytes in the blood. (Histiocytes are produced by the bone marrow and are normally immobile until stimulated by inflammat 
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hot spotsinflammation of the skin, dermatitis. Frequently caused by flea bites, or a hypersensitivity to an allergen. Can also be caused by bacteria building 
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hydrocephalus, water on the brainaccumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the skull, which diminishes the size of the brain. 
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