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Source text - English
BACKGROUND ART
The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) is a multivalent type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. The human RAGE (Ager) gene lies within the major histocompatibility complex class III region on chromosome 6. It comprises 11 exons and 10 introns, and a 5' flanking region that regulates its transcription. The transcribed RAGE mRNA is ~1.4 kb, with a short 3'UTR.
The 50-55 kDa glycosylated RAGE protein is constitutively expressed in a limited range of cells (e.g. vascular endothelium, type I pneumocytes, leukocytes), although RAGE expression may be induced in most cell types and tissues following injury, stress, hypoxia or inflammation, providing a conduit for pro-inflammatory and pro-proliferative signalling. RAGE expression is consequently upregulated in inflammatory and metabolic disorders including but not limited to neurodegenerative disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, autoimmune and ischaemic injury in which RAGE is also implicated in the development and progression.
RAGE has been implicated in a range of brain disorders including Alzheimer's disease; amylotrophic lateral sclerosis; Huntington's disease; Creutzfeld-Jakob's disease; neurodegenerative conditions such as diabetic neuropathy, familial amyloid polyneuropathy, Charcot neuroarthropathy and vasculitic neuropathy; neuropathic pain; glioma development and progression; ischaemic brain injury/stroke, and multiple sclerosis.
| Translation - Chinese
背景技术
晚期糖基化终产物受体（RAGE）是属于免疫球蛋白（Ig）超家族的一种多价I型跨膜糖蛋白。人RAGE（Ager）基因位于第6号染色体的主要组织相容性复合物III类区域内。它包含11个外显子和10个内含子，以及调控其转录的5'侧翼区。转录的RAGE mRNA为~1.4 kb，具有短的3'UTR。
50-55 kDa糖基化RAGE蛋白在有限范围的细胞（例如血管内皮细胞、I型肺细胞、白细胞）中组成型表达，但是在损伤、应激、缺氧或炎症后可在大多数细胞类型和组织中诱导RAGE表达，为促炎和促增殖信号传导提供管道。因此，RAGE表达在炎性和代谢病症中上调，这些病症包括但不限于神经退行性疾病、癌症、心血管疾病、糖尿病、自身免疫和缺血性损伤，其中RAGE也与这些疾病的发展和进展有牵连。
RAGE与一系列脑部病症有牵连，这些病症包括阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease）；肌萎缩性侧索硬化；亨廷顿病（Huntington's disease）；克-雅病（Creutzfeld-Jakob's disease）；神经退行性病状，诸如糖尿病性神经病、家族性淀粉样多神经病、夏科氏神经性关节病（Charcot neuroarthropathy）和血管炎性神经病；神经性疼痛；胶质瘤发展和进展；缺血性脑损伤/中风，和多发性硬化。
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